This fantastic PowerPoint is a great way to introduce the topic of shadows in your lessons! Have your children try and guess what the object shown is before revealing the answer! This particular PowerPoint is themed for space.

Space robotics • 1. ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE PALVANCHA PAPER PRESENTATION ON SPACE ROBOTICS BY SATHYA MADDUKURI • SPACE ROBOTICS • CONTENTS:  INTRODUCTION  BASIC WORKING PRINCIPLE  TECHNOLOGY  TYPES OF BOTS  FUTURE MISSION  CONCLUSION • INTRODUCTION:  The space environment represents one of the most challenging applications of robotics.  Robotics is a field that has been magnified by its association to space research.  The most important thing to note is that the scale of success in space systems is same as that for biological systems i.e., “SURVIVAL OFTHE FITTEST” • What is space research?

 “SPACE”, the word itself signifies something infinite.  Space travel has always been dangerous and any unexpected event can cause death.

 It is here that the robots play a huge role and help mankind in his research process. • WHY ROBOTS?  They can work efficiently in a hostile, non- terrestrial environment.  Planetary surfaces can be explored more cheaply and quickly.  Expensive and dangerous extra vehicular activities can be reduced. • BASIC WORKING PRINCIPLE  A Robot is a collection of controllers, sensors, actuators; radio communication and power supply and each of them are powered by various software’s. • Evolution of robots  SHAKEY (1966-1972):  It is based on the SPA (sense, plan and action) algorithm.

It is used in built world modules to match and worked accordingly.  FLOW CHART: • HYBRID SYSTEMS (2000-??)  FLOW CHART:  The next generation of system is called as probabilistic robots, which are under development and research. • key technologies used:  Mapping and navigation  One of the basic functions of a space robot is to navigate its way cleverly through all obstacles that come in its way. Mapping and navigation comprise of three more technologies  Obstacle avoidance  Mapping  Path planning •  Planning: It is a feature by which a robot understands the situation and decides a strategy to tackle it.

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 Sequencing: Selection of a particular skill set which would result in perfect execution of a plan.  Control: Performing the selected skill set to perfection. • Types of Robots in space:  There are 3 basic types of robots in space and all the robots sent to space come under these types only.

 Planetary Rovers:  It is the most advanced form of robotics technology used in space research.They are the robots, which explore, navigate and research themselves with the least human intervention; they analyze the data collected and send the results back to earth. •  IN-orbit Operators:  They are the robots, which assist an astronaut during his space mission. For example a robot can be designed specially to refuel a shuttle thus helping the astronaut to remain in his shuttle and accomplish various tasks without any risk to their lives • Mineralogy and robots:  Presently humans are facing a huge challenge of exhaustion minerals due to which space exploration is being used specifically for mineralogical purposes  It allows the robot to detect rocks and get precise spectral measurements and validate the data without any human intervention. • Current missions:  Voyager 1 Launched on 5 September 1977.